Crash Movie Summary

Crash Movie SummaryIt addresses the problems of modern society, violence, cynicism of lot towards each another(prenominal) and especi in ally towards members of other ethnic cultures. This is especially veritable for our country as it unites homoy nationalities, among which the conflicts be constantly arising. The subscribe to is non ab by few characters, that of many at once. Here atomic number 18 no main characters, plainly rather all the characters argon the main and important (Miller 45). Every person, the member of the buck is a separate novel different from others, and at first glance, is unrelated to the others.The director shows the fate of gondola cardinal people repeatedly cross over 36 hours. There are two law of naturemen, sensation of which appears to be a total asshole, rude, harsh, embittered cad and racist, the other is steady a three-year-old, inexperienced guy, who seems to be good and nice hardly during the film they change their roles, and we see who is who. There are two African-American guys who steal cars and hate white people. We also see a man who is attorney and his married woman, who is suspicious to all non-white people, whether Negro or Hispanic, scarcely tells this save to her save, being afraid of public condemnation. A young Latino man, who puts locks on doors and do not inspire confidence in clients. There is an African-American film deemr who curries favour with police officers and wishes to be born white. We see Afro-American detective who forgets active his mother and brother and Persians family, whose head is an American citizen, but not actually knowing the language faces a lot of problems (Seller 2006). break-to- sack the film, we learn about every character, which they really are, if they are able to make sacrifices, to risk their lives, who can go against society, and who tries not to stand out. There liquidate no obvious good or bad characters. Each has its stimulate truth, its testify lif e. The film attracts as a magnet, enchants and you start to feel a part of it.All characters of the film are bright and deserve attention, but the most impression was made on my by two police officers Tommy Hansen and John Ryan. Officer Tommy Hansen (Ryan Phillipe) is a young, white Los Angeles police officer who flora as a partner with an older Officer John Ryan. At the very scratch we see Tommy as a fair, shy, inexperienced policeman. Once, after(prenominal) watching his partner John Ryan pull over black Cameron Thayer and his wife Christine and sexually molest Christine, Tommy desires to change of partner. He feels punishable over the happening and despises Officer John Ryan, so cant continue to work with his partner-racist. such(prenominal) re carry out on the situation characterized Tommy from a optimistic side and makes viewers sympathize him. Despite the request of Tommy, his supervisor Lieutenant Dixon doesnt satisfy the fill and agrees to transfer him only if he cla ims his uncontrollable flatulence requires him to drive unaccompanied in the car. Tommy has nothing to do, but to agree and the next day he is reassigned to a single man patrol car (Ewing 2010).The homogeneous day, on his patrol he joins a police era chasing Cameron Thayer, who was being car jacked, but fought off his carjackers and is going away with one of carjacker being still in the car. Once after coming into a dead end Cameron, who is unfounded because of LAPD, confronts the police officers. Fair Tommy decides to solve the problem and tries to convince Cameron to set down to avoid a quarrel which could possibly end with Camerons death. Tommy defends Cameron, presentment that he is a friend of his, and convinces the police officers to let Cameron go class with a harsh warning. This scene proves that Tommy influenced by remorse behaves fairly. He evokes positive emotions, and compared to other heroes looks as a real hero. After all, the director of the film shows the real face of Tommy in the case with Peters Waters. So, almost at the end of the film, Tommy is seen driving in his car and picking up Peter, a young black carjacker who was hitch-hiking. Being in one car with an African-Americans man, Tommy finds out his own insecurity with other races, and shows it through his treatment of Peter and their quarrel. Tommy quickly becomes angry when he assumes that Peter is laughing at him and asks him to leave the car. Peter starts to egest in his pocket and Tommy shoots him dead, wrongly assumes that the black guy is looking for a gun. Here, we see Tommy as entirely frightened, lost and cruel man. He throws out the body of Peter from the car to cover up the incident. Here the viewers understand that Tommy is not a positive character, neither are the rest. in the long run Tommy burns his car, trying to hide his involvement in the shooting. Once to a greater extent we understand that this film doesnt have totally positive or totally negative characters , as all people are somewhere in the middle.At the same time, Officer John Ryan (Matt Dillon) shows his negative features from the very beginning of the film. He is a bigoted white police officer who is a partner of Officer Tommy Hansen. He is a rood, impolite, racist man who uses his sociable position and physically molests Christine (the wife of Cameron) under the pretense of looking for a gun after blaming Christine in performing fellatio on Cameron while he was driving a car. He molested the woman, thus humiliating her husband and forced him to apologize also. Watching this episode, the viewer feels disgust to the actions of the officer and him as a person. This makes his partner Tommy Hansen to believe in Johns racist tendencies. At the same time, Ryan is trying to find help for his father, who probably suffers from prostate cancer but whose treatment is ineffective. This shows him as caring and supporting person, but later he manifests his anger in prejudice. He manifests raci st attitude towards an HMO employee who doesnt sanction his father visit a desirable doctor (Crash (2004 film) 2009). It is understood that his racial prejudices seem to go from the destructive impact that local positive action policies had on his fathers business. As Officer Hansen decides to patrol alone, so Ryan is partnered with a Hispanic-American with whom he finds common language. The end of the Ryans story is positive as we see him from a good side. He risks his life trying to save Christine (the woman he molested a day before) from the death in a terrible car wreck. The viewer comes to the conclusion that all characters combine positive and negative features, having no idealization.For some reason, usually it is said that this film is about political appropriateness (as it received Oscar as the best film of 2005 (Beckman 45). However I am sure that Crash is not about political correctness, and nor even really about its ugly flipside. This film is about difficulties of coe xistence in a extensive multi-national state. About how difficult it is for people to understand each other, especially if they are from completely different culture and upbringing, and also about the tragic consequences of such failure. None of characters in Clash is a total villain or a hero. Almost every one of them is ordinary person with all his advantages and disadvantages. Thus, the film almost doesnt have uniquely right or guilty characters (Fevang 2006).The film consists of several smaller stories that are united by one theme how people behave in extreme situations crime, shootings, car crashes. The film Crash is an incredible intertwining of destinies of characters and original story. How is it possible to separate good from evil, a shadow from the light? It is probably out of the question, as in the film Crash, it is impossible to determine who of the main characters is bad, and who is good. All of them make us think about our lives and society we live in.

Potential Problems In Raising Brand Awareness

Potential Problems In Raising tag sentienceProduct tarnishingUsing relevant examples from the unexclusive, non- usefulness and occult fields, discuss the reasons why different types of brass instruments might consider staging to be the virtually in-chief(postnominal) aspect of their intersection point or expediency. What atomic number 18 the potential problems with building scores? cardinal thing in common between coca plant-Cola, McDonald, Disney, Nike, Sony, and Microsoft is that they all rent material scars that argon recognised all over the world. The well-established scar draw calling have helped these companies generate enormous fortune. There is little doubt that blade marks argon the most pr crosspatchless assets for many companies. For this reason, on that point are salvage many companies that are struggling to build their check names and the absolute majority of resembling a s importunates large companies have taken the legacy of subsisting sc ratchs in order to make them more belligerent. For example, although mineral water is an unvarying produce, Nestle acquired Perrier for $2.5 billion because of the Perriers long established home run name that carried a charm invaluable to Nestle. There has been a growing vex in the pass judgment of dirt names. As of 1993, the most valuable brand name was Coca-Cola with an estimated worth of $36 billion (Owen 1993). The worlds10 most valuable brands in 2006 were (in rank order) Coca-Cola, Microsoft, IBM, General Electric, Intel, Nokia, Toyota, Disney, McDonald, and Mercedes-Benz. Coca-Colas brand value was $67 billion, Microsofts $57 billion, and IBMs $56 billion. With these well-known companies, brand value is typically over unrivaled-half of the total order signaliseet capitalisation ( line of descent Week 2006).The reasons for much(prenominal) high worth of brand names hold (1) the costs of new harvest-time launch reaching approximately $ ampere-second million and hi gh failure rates (2) the reluctance of consumers to bargain for unacquainted(predicate) new products and (3) high returns roaring brands yield (Aaker 1991). Todays successful companies have launched brands that create a wealth of perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, and experiences to turn a product and name into virtually(prenominal)thing to which the consumer relates. Their stigmatisation strategy has been developed to meet the needs and desires of consumers (Stobart 1994 Kochan 1996).The centering of this essay is to look the reasons why most organizations considered stigmatisation as the most the important aspect of their products or services as well as looking at the potential problems when building a brand.What is a Brand?There is little doubt that brands are at the heat of merchandising and business strategy. Strong brands can make companies win in forthwiths highly competitive market placeplace. One may question, How did a brand originate? and What does a brand mean? The engender of this occasion is to act these two questions and to examine the implications for branding.The Origin of a BrandAccording to Nilson (1998), the call brand originated from the Scandinavian word for branna, meaning to burn a mark on something. The Swedish word for fire is brand. In the earliest days of farming, farmers or ranchers put their symbols on the cattle with the help of a hot iron in order to assert their right to self-control (Kochan 1996 Nilson 1998). Since then, branding has been utilize in order to cl draw some whizzs ownership of a good or service.Literatures show that the first example of branding is the manufacture of oil lamps in the Greek islands. During this time, commonwealth bought a bad-mannered form of oil lamp, but the quality of the lamp varied. People could non prescribe between a good and bad lamp when they made purchase. For this reason, craftsmen in virtuoso Greek island started to put a special symbol on their indestructible lamp so that people can distinguish their products from less-lasting lamps produced by some new(prenominal)s. They branded their goods so that they could cross off their product and, presumably, charge a premium price (Nilson 1998). Similarly, today many companies seek to build brands so that consumers can pick their products not those of others.The Definition of a BrandAccording to Brassigton and Pettitt a brand is the trigger of a three-dimensional character for product, defined in terms of name, packaging. Colours, symbols etc., that helps to differentiate it from its competitors, and helps the customer to develop a relationship with the product (Brassigton and Pettitt 2003, p. 1099). Some experts have, however, argued that it is disembodied spirit-threatening to adopt one single definition of a brand because there are many other things to be taken into account. They insist that brand definitions should be categorised under six headings (1) visual (2) perceptual (3) posture (4) a dded value (5) foresee and (6) personality (Nilson 1998). In addition, we need to look at other meanings in order to have a breach cause of a brand. There are two representative models brand trope and brand identity that are different from each other. Brand image refers to the image of a brand that exists in the minds of consumers as a openation of all the information they have received active the brand, from experience, word of mouth, advertizing, packaging, service and so on the information is modified by selective perception, anterior beliefs, social norms, forgetting (Randall 1997).Companies can control their brand images as long as they understand the essence and expression of their brand. The four dimensions form the essence at the centre. The brand identity, such as the brands name, logo, colours, tagline, and symbol (Kotler 2003), becomes satisfying only when the four dimensions support each other constantly. If any quadrant is weak, or sending conflicting message s, then resulting image in consumers minds lead be confused (Randall 1997).Reasons why most organizations consider branding to be the most important aspect of their products or serviceA brand is a necessity for a business and whether the manager likes it or not a business will have a brand profile. running(a) closely with the brand, rather than in the classical business sense of loss it to the customers to work out what to think about the phoner, will give the organization some distinct advantages.The importance of branding in a toffee-nosed organization can be summarized in two categories first it is financially beneficial for the company, and second it gives the employees a sense of purpose. For the purpose of boosting esprit de corps, a brand that the employees can be proud of, and feel a sense of belong to, can have considerable positive effect on the morale in a company (Nilsoon 1998). One example is the Virgin class where founder Richard Bransons really high profile a nd clear narrations about company purpose serve as morale booster for the consentaneous group. Similar effects appear to be at play at Microsoft, where a strong sense of identity with the company and consequently with the brand pushes employees to high levels of productivity and, not least, loyalty (Nilson 1998).For profit making purposes, a strong brand in a private sector creates barriers to entry. The stronger the brand values of the leading brands in a sector, the stronger the reputation of the main competitors and the more difficult it is for other players to enter the market. Brands in like manner often represent perseverance which is important in the sense of keeping customer relations. Having a strong brand does create economies of scale, not least in communication. A well-established and aright built brand will in an instant communicate a distinct set of values (such as trustworthy, reliable and leading-edge) much quicker and more effectively than any expensive comme rcial (Nilson 1998).Branding helps a blind drunk to introduce a new product that carries the name of one or more of its existing products, because buyers are already familiar with the steadfasts existing brands. For example, Heinz regularly introduces new tinned products. Since consumers are used to buying the brand and have a high regard for its quality, they are likely to try the new offerings. Branding also facilitates furtheranceal efforts because the promotion of each branded product indirectly promotes all other products that are similarly branded (Dibb et al 1997).Branding also helps seller by fostering brand loyalty. Brand loyalty is a strongly cause and long decision to purchase a product or service. To the cessation that buyers become loyal to a specific brand, the companys market share for that product achieve a certain level of stability, allowing the firm to use its resources more efficiently. When a firm succeeds in fostering some degree of customer loyalty to a b rand, it can charge a premium price for the product (Dibb et al 1997). For example, Consumers are loyal to buy Armani because they appreciate its status and fashionable values, and Apple computers because they appreciate their creative and homophile values. These values reflect and enhance the consumers sense of him/himself and provide a key source of brand differentiation (Kochan 1996).Similarly, the importance of branding in the public sector cannot be under-estimated. While it remains an essential part in the day to day running of private sectors for the purpose of maximize profits, the profit making purpose is however less significant with public sectors. A distinct example of branding in the public sector is the NHS. Rather than being portrayed as a brand for profit making, the require of the NHS is provide adequate health care service for the nation. receivable to the virtual non-existence of an aim of making profits, there is little or no competition for the NHS, therefor e there ought to be other reasons for their various forms of branding. A significant example of the essence of branding for the NHS is their association with life deliver ventures such as unassailable sex practices and quit smoking campaigns (Lecturers Note 2006),. The various steps taken by the NHS to encourage safe sex practices through the television and newspaper adverts ensure that they are tardily associated with any life saying adverts and their NHS brand once seen on TV means a life saving advert is coming on. blush though, this is not fore the sake of making profits but people start taking them more seriously, likewise what they preach, thereby achieving the ultimate name and address of saving lives (Lecturers Note 2006). Like the private companies, they spend some money on adverts and branding but more emphasis is on profit making by the private companies than the public companies. Essentially, branding is a way of getting attention and underdeveloped a relationship with betoken audiences and this is especially important for public organizations with little or no aim of profit making. The competitiveness brought about by branding in the public sector is therefore targeted at getting audiences rather than making more profits than private companies (Colyer 2006).Furthermore, branding for non-profit making organizations is as important as those for private and public organizations albeit with a slightly different aim and approach. The aim of competition is as important for non-profit making organizations as it is important for private organizations. Branding here is therefore aimed at building a better relationship with supporters, thereby establishing greater trust in the organization. Interestingly, it may be surprising to find out that competition among non profit making organizations such as various charities may be as fierce as private organizations. This competition is however aimed at making ones charity the most important in the minds of the people than other charities. For example, the force of branding by the NSPCC may be the outstanding factor that determines if to present money to them rather than the heart foundation. Similarly, the charities we choose to support may be borne out of the fact that a significant aspect of its branding appeals to us more than other types (Lecturers Note 2006). While most charities aim to save lives, the branding may be geared towards making the life saving purpose more urgent than others. The different Tsunami charities set up in 2004 after the Tsunami tragedy as part of their branding gave pictorial views of devastating events in Asia as they set out to outdo one another in donations, even though they were for the similar agate line. In this case, the competitive nature of branding may be said to be, to generate as much funds as possible for a similar course rather than for making profits (Mitchell 2005).Potential problems in raising brand awarenessThe power of a well-known brand name, supported by strong advertising, is so great (and long lasting) that 20 of the top 25 leading brands in 2005 were also among the top 25 in 2006. nevertheless companies are finding it increasingly difficult to attract the customers attention and create brand awareness because of the clutter of new products, brands, and advertising in the environment. Thus, approximately 90% of new products are pulled from the market indoors two or three years of their introduction. Most of them failed for lack of name recognition consumers were just not aware of them (Morgan 1999 Bulkeley 1991).The risks of creating a new brand are so great that many companies are developing questionable line extensions. Rather than developing a new brand name, marketers are applying their existing, well-known brand name to new products. Red Bounty (with sin chocolate), Coca-Cola Light, and Ariel Colour are but a few well-known examples. building name recognition can be very difficult and very expen sive, especially for small companies. Market leaders often command calculate upon 10 times greater than smaller companies. For instance, Nike and Reebok spend about $ coulomb million. Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola can afford to spend hundreds of millions of dollars on extensive advertising campaigns (Pereira 1991). keep help with your essay from our expert essay writersCustomer FactorsSome customers like to seek potpourri in their experience they get bored with the same product or life experience. Other customers like change and form and are happy with old. The variety-seeking customers may switch from one brand to another, not because they are dissatisfied with the first brands performance and other values, but rather simply for the sake of change and variety. The more variety seeking a customer is, the less brand loyal he is likely to be (Sheth et al 1999).ConclusionIn conclusion, the key to developing a brand vision is to assess the values of the organization, distil them into a vi sion and not tamper or interfere with the visions control and power. Consistency and clarity are all-important. Coke forgot the strength and simplicity of its existing product values when it tried re-launching its much loved product under the banner of New Formula (Coca cola Seminar Video 2006). Conversely, damage understood perfectly its existing product values when it launched Mars ice cream on the back of the Mars bar. Design and presentation of the product flows from the values. Coherence is once again the name of the game. The presentation of the packaging, the use of the logo, the facial expression all need to accord with the brand values and be internally consistent with Cost effectiveness (Nilson 1998 Kochan 1996). Nevertheless, it is clear that branding plays an important social occasion in the private public as well as non-profit sector. However, a company raise profit if it builds a strong brand name. The company can benefit if consumers buy its brand in preference to other brands, and it gains more benefits if this preference maintains for long periods. If customers perceive one brand as superior, then they become less sensitive to price. Rather, they will be voluntary to pay more for the brand they like. Such brand loyalty allows the company to charge more and thus generate healthy cash flows. It also makes it harder for competitors to enter the market. Building a brand has become concern for either business. Brands are, therefore, at the heart of marketing and business strategy.ReferencesAaker, D. A., (1991), Managing Brand Equity Capitalising on the Value of a Brand Name, New York The Free PressBusiness Week, (2006), The Worlds 10 Most Valuable Brands, http//www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/01_32/b3744003.htmColyer, E., (2006), Branding in public, http//brandchannel.com/features_effect.asp?pf_id=310moreKochan, N., (1996), The Worlds Greatest Brands London McMillan Business, 1996, pp. x-xiKotler, P., (2003), merchandising Management, N ew Jersey Prentice-HallLecturer (2006), Lecturers handout and Coca cola Seminar video Birkbeck CollegeMitchell, B. (2005), Make Poverty History passion statement, http//brandchannel.com/features_profile.asp?pr_id=249Morgan, A., (1999), Eating the Big Fish, New York John Wiley Sons, IncNilson, T. H., et al., (1998), Competitive Branding good-natured in the Marketplace with Value-Added Brands. Chichester John Wiley SonsNissim, B., (2004), Nonprofit Branding Unveiling the Essentials, http//www.guidestar.org/DisplayArticle.do?articleId=833Ourosoff, A., (1994), Brands Whats Hot? Whats Not?, Financial World, Aug. 1994, pp. 240-55Owen, S., (1993), The Landor Image Power vista a Global Assessment of Brand Strength, in Brand Equity and Advertising, ed. Aaker, D. A., et a. Hillsdale Lawrence Erlbaum AssociatesPereira, J., (1991), Name of the Game Brand Awareness, The Wall highroad Journal, 14 Feb. 1991, pp. B1, B4Randall. G., (1997), Branding, London Kogan PageSheth, J. N., et al, (1999 ), Customer behaviour Customer Behaviour and Beyond. Fort Worth The Dryden PressStobart, P., (1994), Brand Power, London The Macmillan Press Ltd

Intention of Life Interest

Intention of Life Interest1. (a)The life relate of Parwinder which on the scrape appears to be a vested, immediate and limited care is coupled with a remainder hobby for their daughters.In this instance, there is a problem with proof of intention. Although technical delivery are not necessary,1 problems arise when precatory words more than(prenominal) as in safe confidence and pass on compliance are used in this training.The wording of this provision is very like to the wording of other provision featuring in Comiskey2 which stated in full confidence that at her death she result devise it between nieces as she might see fit. Therefore, side by side(p) this judgment it is likely that the motor hotelrooms would construe from her words an intention to leave her domain to her husband with a collapse everywhere of the remaining billet to be shared between her daughters according to his will and otherwise equally. However, if the tourist court decides that intentio n cannot be derived from this provision, Parwinder will withdraw the spot beneficially and there is a resulting depose.3 In this instance Parwinder will be appointed perpetrateee of the country thus, he can be compelled to transmit out(p) the trust. Should Parwinder become unable to allocate shares to his daughters the court will sound as trustee and distribute the estate if all certainties are rig to be sensible.If Parwinder is held to be a trustee, he moldiness carry out the distribution of the estate as a trust is obligatory. Therefore, he must make a provision in his will allocating the distribution of the estate or else he must create an express trust make sure he includes valid certainties and follows the beneficiary principle inter vivos.This provision may also constitute a trust in conjunctive with a power of appointment. According to Hanbury Martin, when a husband gives his estate to his leave for her life, and after her death to their churlren but allows the wife to decide the shares for separately child it is a valid power to appoint using her absolute courtesy with a gift in default of equal shares 4 Therefore, a peculiar(a) power exists whereby Parwinder must distribute the estate to a specified breakify of appointees5 however, he is under no obligation to carry out his profession or even need it as an obligation.6(b)Firstly, this provision may dissect for lack of certainty of subject matter in that the size of each beneficial interest is not expressly declared.7 However, the court may con that the settlor has provided an effective method of determining the size of the gift therefore the court will apply its assumption in order to prevent the gift from failing.8 Should the courts be unable to determine any certainty of size of the beneficial interest the provision will become a resulting trust for the settlors estate.Assuming the share size may be determined by some means, it would appear that 200,000 has been make over int o a trust held by the trustees of the estate. However, the obligation to distribute the money to the first 100 applicants must be clarified as a discretionary trust or a power of appointment. According to Hanbury Martin it appears that the trustees who hold a trust for the benefit of such members of a class of beneficiaries as the trustees shall in their absolute discretion call for9, are in fact the trustees of a discretionary trust.The first sine qua non would and then be to ascertain if there is certainty of objects using the tryout encouraged by the House of ecclesiastics, the Given Postulant Test.10 The test requires the trustees to ask potentiometer it be said with certainty that any given individual is or is not a member of the class?11Using this test it is valid to say that any postulant who has written in response to the advertisement in the Oxford Gazette and who cook made a moral claim for a share will have to be considered a member of the class of beneficiaries. A slight problem arises if in response to the advertisement the following day 100+ letters are received making it hopeless for the trustees to determine who the first 100 beneficiaries are as is clearly put across in the provision. This would result in administrative unworkability and the trust would become vacate and revert back to the settlors estate.(c)The wording of the provision would be construed to let down a fiduciary business on the trustees and thus, produce an express trust. This is callable to all certainties being very explicit and straightforward. Although Charles is in a syncope and unlikely to recover, the trustees are still bound under the terms of the trust to distribute property to Charles according to the declaration of trust. Overall, the trustees are under a general duty to act even-handedly and defend equality between the beneficiaries12 peculiarly in the context of successive interests.The trustees still maintain the ratified human activity of the cars and Charles and the Oxford Motor Museum enjoy merely an equitable and beneficial interest. Therefore, it is possible for the Trustees to maintain the legal epithet to the cars and give the entire collection of cars to the Museum on trust as they will not automatically acquire the legal title to the cars. Should Charles die his equitable interest in one of the cars will abide by him and become part of his estate, however, if he were to recover he would still have an equitable interest in one of the cars which he could then take advantage of. Once he or a beneficiary of his estate has chosen a car the legal title of the car will be transferred to them through the appropriate procedure and the trustees duty to Charles will be fulfilled and the trust will end. The trustees will then hold the remaining cars on trust for the Museum.The final option ready(prenominal) to the trustees is to make an application to the Court for Directions. As Charles is still living, he has an good c laim on one of the vintage cars therefore, if the trustees apply to the Court for counsel and follow any subsequent strikeions of the court they will be protected.13 This work out has come into effect to allow difficulties in administration of the trust to be heard by the Court and alleviate the risk of making decisions upon a false premise.142.One of the main problems in the received legality adjoin interests in the family home is in regards to the some time archaic nature of the law in respect to the more level field that man and muliebrity now work and support themselves through their careers. Pettitt vPettitt15 made clear that a women housework, childcare and contributions towards expenses do not equate to contribution towards the purchase value therefore, unless the wife demands the house to be conveyed to the spouses jointly, she may find she has no interest in the house upon dissolution of her marriage, however, the right to invoke discretionary powers of the court to distribute the property is still an option she has upon divorce.The main problem with the current law today is the lack of statutory power a court has when dealing with cohabiting couples who share a family home. Couples may often live unneurotic for years and have children and mutually contribute to the house via renovation, expenses and upkeep, however, often times the house is registered to one of the individuals only. However, a non-legal co- possessor may have an equitable interest resulting in a constructive trust even where a direct financial contribution has not been made.16A constructive trust is another solution to this problem whereby the courts will consider contributions made to the mortgage defrayal by each party, refurbishment the house as this contributed to the maintenance and requisite upkeep. This remedy comes into effect if one party has acted to his detriment in trustingness on the self-reliance that he held a beneficial interest.17Lastly, and in around c ases preferable is the remedy of proprietary estoppel or when the Courts protect the expectations of the non-owner and may destine the non-owner as much as a full ownership interest in the land if justice demands18. The essential elements of proprietary estoppel exist where the legal owner of the property has encouraged a third party to swear that he has or will in the future obtain rights in respect of the property and the third party has acted in reliance of this assurance to his detriment.19 This is the most just remedy available as it will consider mere oral declarations such as the house is as much yours as mine or we share everything 50-50 as an assurance and the non-legal owner is likely to be granted an equitable interest in the property upon dissolution of the family home based on the amount of contribution made over the years of communal living.BIBLIOGRAPHYPEARCE, R AND STEVENS, J. (2002) The Law of Trusts and Equitable Obligations tertiary Edition capital of the United Kingdom LexisNexis Butterworths Tolley.PENNER, J.E. (2001) Mozley and Whitleys Law Dictionary twelfth Edition London Butterworths.MARTIN, J.E. (2001) Hanbury Martin Modern Equity 16th Edition London Sweet Maxwell Ltd.Footnotes1 Paul v Constance 1977 1 W.L.R. 5272 Comiskey v Bowring-Hanbury 1905 A.C. 843 Watson v. Holland 1985 1 All E.R. 290.4 Martin (2001) rascal 173.5 Re Gestetner 1953 Ch. 672.6 Martin (2001) rogue 1747 Boyce v Boyce (1849) 16 Sim 476.8 Re Golay 1965 1 W.L.R. 9699 Martin (2001) page 175.10 Re Gulbenkiens Settlements 1970 AC 50811 Ibid per Lord Wilberforce 1971 AC 424 at pages 454-6.12 Martin (2001) page 553.13 Re Londonderrys Settlement 1965 Ch. 918.14 Martin (2001) page 550.15 1970 AC 777.16 Lloyds Bank v Rossett 1991 1 AC 107.17 Ibid at page 536.18 Penner (2001), page 281.19 Gillies v Keogh 1989 2 NZLR 327 at page 346 per Richardson J.

A SWOT analysis of Netflix inc

A rise analysis of Netflix incNetflix provides agricultural products for farmers in the United States and offers its subscribers access to a depository library of television, word picture and other chargeed.Nowdays,Netflix reinvented the home video lease computer simulation by employing innovative guest service and young technologies. And this gives the company a hard first mover advantage. The outlook of external market conditions is positive.If Netflix decides to stay and cont hold back it needs to (1) keep innovating to maintain its advantage, (2) use subscriber acquisition pulse and build larger customer base and (3) move fast to rig roots into contiguous-generation pretences of content delivery based on digital technologies. organize AnalysisStrengthsRelationships with studios. Netflix maintains strategic relationships with studios, which is the basis of its rich catalog.Deep and wide library. Netflix before long offers around 25,000 film titles, (arguably all fe ature films ever published on videodisk) spread over 12+ Million disks. Average depth (number of copies of separately film) is 480 copies.Recognizable brand. Netflix is the largest on-line subscription videodisk rental service in the US. It has a well recognizable brand, which helps in marketing by decreasing customer acquisition costs.Logistical expertise. Launched in 1998, Netflix has developed and fine-tuned its logistical processes for 6 days with the help of internally developed logistical softwargon.Widest delivery net throw. With 30+ dispersal centers spread around the US, Netflix delivers DVDs to 85% of its subscribers the next day.Recommendation engine CineMatch. Netflix utilizes testimony technology based on user ratings of individual titles. At the end of 2003 Netflix ratings database contained around 300 million ratings (around 15,000 ratings per title and 150 ratings per subscriber). Thus every customer can receive a own(prenominal)ized computer-generated recomm endation for a film.Client acquisition momentum. Netflix has a fine mass of over 2 million customers, a number expected to grow in the next 2-3 years.Low price per title. Based on their account annual subscription revenues for 2003 and reported monthly turnover of more or less 18 million disks, the average rental price per DVD enumerates at $1.50 $1.75. According to analysts reports, the average Netflix customer rents between 5 and 7 titles per month. At a monthly subscription price of $17.95, the resoluteness is $3.00, which is much closer to the market average of $3.15 $3.79 per title. Still, in the eyes of their customer the possibility to rent unlimited number of titles and thus have a home-made low price is clearly strength.Flat monthly fee, no modern fees pricing model. This was a model pioneered by Netflix, which enjoyed enormous popularity among subscribers. Today this model is followed by a growing number of other rental businesses too.Weaknesses conceptive supplier s. As discussed above Netflix sources its main inputs from a few and strong fakes. Films come from Hollywood distributors all distribution is handled by one service provider USPS, and all recompenses and made online via credit card payments processed by the quartet major credit card companies.Volatility in cognitive operation. Netflix market performance depends on a number of versatiles (18 listed in 2003 Annual Report). Additionally take up for the product (films) depends on uncontrollable variables such as taste, recommendation. Finally economic success is very much related to customer loyalty because of the high acquisition costs.Studios define release. Netflix can rent out the DVDs once they are out in the market. This is a decision made by motion-picture show studios and their distributors and therefore outside the control of Netflix. As discussed above, the position along the window release continuum might affect the popularity of a title and change the private-e nterprise(a) environment.OpportunitiesDigital delivery. Netflix can take advantage of their knowledge of the consumer tastes (300 million film ratings over a library of 25,000+ titles) and transfer this know-how to harbors digital delivery. The single to the highest degree important factor in digital VOD models would be adequate recommendation (the modern version of traditional TV programming) and no other biter in feature-film delivery has this expertise.DVD format dominant. Based on the analysis above and the opinion of industry experts and analysts, the DVD format will be the dominant video format in the next at least(prenominal) 10 years. This situation might be challenged by the new digital transmission and HD storage formats, however, this is an issue affecting the whole business model and de assorting from the physical nature of the medium.DVD installed base grows. With expected penetration of DVD players in 65% of US households, Netflix is positioned favourably to exploit this infrastructural given.Underutilized debt capacity. Netflix balance plane as of 30 September 2004 is debt free. This gives the company an upside effectiveness to suck up in order to finance its expansion. (Currently unit economics and cash generating potential are believed to be strong and there seems to be no unmindful term need to finance operations.) The weighted average book-debt-to-capital ratios for the internet and movie rental industries range between 9% and 14.3%.Comparison universeWA book debt to capital ratioMovie rental industry match group(Retail special lines, SIC 5600)(4 companies)14.3709% earnings industry(SIC 7370)(164 companies)9.0389%ThreatsPrices of key inputs. As mentioned earlier Netflix is exposed to fluctuations in supplier policies, and specifically prices. USPS, card payment processing companies and film studios can increase their prices, which will affect dramatically the unit economics of Netflix model.Studios may form alliances with bigger pla yers. As contender in the rental segment intensifies, studios might deem it more undecomposed to form alliances with bigger players, namely Blockbuster and Wal-Mart, manifested in more positive conditions. This will worsen the competitive advantage of Netflix.Studios might not renegotiate revenue sharing agreements. Revenue sharing agreements which shift costs towards the variable end of the continuum might not be renegotiated at less opportune terms. Although this will not necessarily worsen the economics of the operation, it might importantly increase the working capital requirements (more cash trapped in DVD copies). Given the short time horizon, WCR will have to be financed by debt which will deplete the borrowing capacity at a critical moment when Netflix might need a financing cushion to ward off other adverse market developments.DVD retail prices fall. As discussed above diminishing retail prices of DVD titles might lure customers international from renting and into buy ing DVDs. A similar tendency was observed in the period 1999 2003 and must not be discounted lightly.New conduct of enter entertainment delivery. New technological solutions and digitalization of TV will modify consumers to get access to filmed entertainment over new channels such as VOD, pay-per-view and Video over IP. Although not expected to pee-pee market importance before 2007, these channels already witness performance which is well accepted by consumers. Additionally, the increasing popularity of video games also claims part of consumers leisure time.New entrants into the rental market. Already competitive, the rental market is about to see new entrants both from the lower end (copy-cat small-capital companies) and from the big players such as the film studios. Low entry barriers combined with the high run a risk for film studios (currently 45% of a films revenues come form home-video rentals and sales) will be the drivers for these shifts.Management of process. Curre ntly Netflix experiences growth which affects its business operations. Successful management of this growth is a critical factor for Netflixs continued competitiveness.I want to work in this company. Because I love movies and have a deep sagaciousness of the film industry. I also love the rich pioneering and revolutionary new industry, NETLIX is a leading new movie rental company, and it is also my nonsuch place to work. I think NETFLIX suit my taste, I can play in the companys potential and at the same time realize my personal value. So I hope the NETFLIX work.Netflix will be a quick-scented investment. This company created a new movie rental system, as the Internet advances and the development of home audio and video equipment, the cinema picture select and sound advantages of greatly reduced. Many people began to be more impulsive to watch more easily at home the latest and about popular videos, add the price on the NETFLIX player has an advantage equate to cinema. This wi ll be popular network industries. So the company is a wise investment.Team6Tina23/04/11

Waves On Pregnant Women Health And Social Care Essay

Waves On Pregnant Women Health And Social C atomic number 18 judgeWaves have been applied to many important procedures nowadays. In this article I am going to investigate the application of waves on meaning(a) women. 1 of the very important topics is the application of ultrasonography in prenatal medical exam in that respectfore I would focus on this topic and discuss its linguistic rule and advantages among other(a) different methods of prenatal checkup.Nonetheless waves do not exclusively bring benefits to enceinte women, but to a fault harm. thither ar round electromagnetic waves (or EM waves) which may be harmful to both the mothers and the foetuses, much(prenominal) as roentgenogram. Yet, will fraught(p) women really have an increased adventure of miscarriage after having an roentgenogram? Recently at that place are also concerns ab aside the effect of radio receiver waves and microwaves on pregnancy. In this article I am going to investigate them one by one.Obst etric echographyUltrasonography refers to the use of ultrasound. Ultrasound is longitudinal wave, it has the same speed as audible sound wave in air, which is 340ms-1. The main difference between audible sound wave and ultrasound is that ultrasound has a relative frequency beyond audible range of human, which is roughly 20 Hertz (20 Hz) to 20 kilohertz (20 kHz or 20,000 Hz). Normally the frequency of ultrasound utilise in prenatal checkup is ranged from 1.6 to 10 megahertz (MHz), depending on what structures of the fetuses are being examined. Ultrasound with lower frequency set up penetrate deeper into luggage compartment tissues, because the postgraduateer the frequency, the more ultrasonic waves are being absorbed or else of reflected, hence while examining deeper tissues like the liver and kidney, ultrasound with lower frequency (around 1.6-6MHz) is apply.In the ultrasonography, ultrasound waves are emitted by a twisting called transducer. genuinely the term transduce r refers to a device which converts one form of energy into another, so there are lots of types of transducer. In the ultrasonography, an electroacoustic transducer is used to convert electricity to emit and receive ultrasound therefore to be more exact, the device used is also called an ultrasound transceiver. The transducer is placed on the abdomen of the pregnant womanhood, the ultrasound emitted penetrates the skin and then reaches the foetus and other internal variety meat of the mother. The waves are then reflected back to the transceiver, the transceiver senses the waves and converts them into images.An ultrasound transceiverhttp//l.b5z.net/i/u/6062479/i/transducer_tn.jpg source http//www.chesapeakeultrasound.com/ultrasound_productsAn ultrasonographyhttp//gulfcoastmri.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/sonogram-human-foetal-fetal-ultrasound-scan-at-22-weeks-mono-1-anon.jpg rise http//gulfcoastmri.wordpress.com/2010/06/07/obstetric-ultrasonography/In case that the pregnant woman i s in early pregnancy or obese, she can undergo transvaginal sonography, which a probe is placed in the womans vagina. well-nightimes the test is also carried come out of the closet if the pregnant woman has got abnormal vaginal bleeding or pelvic pain. This type of sonography has the similar principle as the ultrasonography mentioned above. Some mothers may want to see the heartbeat of their babies, they can carry out the Doppler sonography. It has basically the same principle as the ultrasonography except the ultrasound is further enhanced by Doppler Effect. Generally the fetuss heartbeat can be detected after 7 weeks of gestation, thus the blood flow of the fetus can be detected as well. The blood flows in a circulation in the body of the fetus, the Doppler sonography can thus detect the permute in directions of blood flow by Doppler effect and see if the circulation is normal or not. This can be done by measuring the channelize in the frequency received in the transceiver.In accompaniment there are a few more types of prenatal checkup, such as amniocentesis and chronic villus sampling. Nonetheless, the ultrasonography is the safest way for diagnosis. The ultrasonography only involves a transducer placing outside the mothers abdomen, while amniocentesis and chronic villus sampling require mechanised penetration and sampling inside the mothers uterus or abdomen, this increases the risk of miscarriage during the tests. Despite this fact, ultrasonography can only give an early diagnosis of the mothers and fetuses, it cannot treat anomalies or genetic diseases. According to the test conducted by roentgen study group in 1993, researchers found that obtaining sonography has no significantly negative effect on reducing perinatal morbidity or mortality among the fetuses or the mothers. Moreover, the detection of anomalies actually did not alter the issue of newborn babies. Therefore it is important to acknowledge that ultrasonography is bonny a test wheth er the fetuses are healthy, but not a treatment to anomalies. deadly effect of X-rayX-ray is an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength ranged from 0.01 to 10 nanometers (0.01-10 x10-9m). It has a speed of 3108 ms-1 in vacuum. In fact, X-ray is commonly used in medical treatments, such as shaft of light therapy of cancer and medical imaging technology. X-ray is produced in an X-ray tube. In the X-ray tube, electrons are accelerated by applying a high voltage. Electrons then collide with a metal, and the sudden deceleration of electrons results in the emission of X-ray.An X-ray tubehttp//hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/imgqua/xtube.gifSource http//hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/xtube.htmlX-ray has high ionizing power, thus there are many nation worrying rough the harmful effects of having an X-ray diagnosis, especially pregnant women. It is true that a very high venereal disease of radiation from X-ray may result in radiation sickness. Prolonged and contin uous image to X-ray also increases the risk of cancer bring onment, and in pregnant women, there may also be a risk for the fetus to develop childhood cancer or even miscarriage. Nevertheless, it seems that the harmful effects of exposing to X-ray are exaggerated. The serious harmful effects mentioned above are just the results of high dosage in a short period of time.There are different kinds of X-rays, one type is used in scan or diagnosis, one type is used in treating cancer. The energy stored in different types of X-rays is different. For normal X-ray see, the dosage is extremely small. The absorbed drug of X-ray is measured in rad, which 1 rad = 1010-3 J kg-1 = 10-2 J kg-1. If a pregnant woman is having a chest X-ray, the estimated fetal battery-acid is around 60 millirads, the dose is around 290 millirads for an abdominal X-ray. This is quite a low value, as the dose from the radiation from outer space is around 90-100 millirads. In fact, the risk of the fetus having eye a bnormalities or mental meantime increases only when the dosage exceeds 10 rads, therefore it is very rare that pregnant women suffer from harmful effects by the X-ray radiation. According to theAmerican Academy of Family Physicians, generally X-rays are safe even for pregnant women, and harmonize to radiologists, no single diagnostic x-ray has a radiation dose significant enough to cause adverse effects in a developing embryo or fetus.Normally doctors will not study pregnant women to undergo an X-ray scanning, unless when it is urgent and necessary. It is also suggested that pregnant women should assort the radiologists about the pregnancy, so that radiologists can adjust the radiation level to interrupt protect the mothers and the fetuses. To conclude, many stack are afraid of having X-ray scanning when they are pregnant, but in fact the risk is not that high if we compare the dosage to the exposure to outer space radiation.An X-ray moving-picture show showing pregnancyhttp// www.neurobodyfit.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/xray-pregnancy.jpgSource http//www.neurobodyfit.com/x-rays-are-safe-during-pregnancy/Concerns of radio waves and microwavesBesides X-ray, some people are concerning about the effect of radio waves and microwaves on pregnancy. In fact the effect of these two types of EM waves is even less than X-ray. There has been a study investigating the relationship between exposure of radio waves and microwaves of distaff physiotherapists, and the ratio of miscarriage. Due to occupational use, physiotherapists are very often heart-to-heart to medical equipment emitting microwaves diathermy and radio waves. According to the study, investigators compared the odd ratios between those pregnant physiotherapists and other pregnant women. The results showed that the risk of miscarriage was not associated with reported use of diathermy equipment, thus people need not worry in any case much about this issue.A microwave diathermyhttp//image.ec21.com/image /medicm/oimg_GC04993002_CA04993086/Microwave_Diathermy_HM-801C.jpgSource http//medicm.en.ec21.com/Microwave_Diathermy_HM_801C4993002_4993086.htmlConclusionWaves have been wide used in medical equipment, and there are several applications of waves on pregnancy. Ultrasonography is the most common and the safest method of prenatal checkup. Though it can be used in diagnosis, it is unable to treat diseases in fetus. some(prenominal) people concern about the side effects of using X-ray, microwaves and radio waves, however it is in fact very safe because the dosage of radiation is extremely small. Therefore people need not worry too much about the risk of miscarriage caused by exposure to these waves.

Prejudice and Racism - Home Ownership in A Raisin in the Sun and in Ame

The dumbs Quest for a Home Ownership in A Raisin in the Sun and in America In the famous 1959 kitchen take with Russian premier Nikita Khrushchev, Richard Nixon asserted the American Dream of homeownership was available to every Americans regardless of class, race, or any other social constraint. For Nixon, this claim was evidence of Americas dominance over Russia-of democracys superiority over communism. Nixon, however, greatly exaggerated the availableness of homeownership owning a home in the suburbs was non an option for all Americans, specially African Americans. Government subsidies, which were so important in making homes affordable, were not extended to lightlessnesss. Furthermore, suburban communities around the country sought to keep their neighborhoods separate by prohibiting blacks from buying homes through restrictive covenants. William Levitt, whose Levittown communities symbolized postwar prosperity and the American Dream, would not sell homes to blacks until the government mandated him to integrate in the late 1950s. And the black families who were then successful in attaining a home in the suburbs risked everlasting threats and violence from their white neighbors who feared, among other issues, that their property values would decrease and their communities would decay. In her 1958 play A Raisin in the Sun, Lorraine Hansberry tackled these issues before they had fully exploded into the American conscience. Her play reveals the fears and restraints, which kept many blacks from achieving the 1950s American Dream. The dominant theme in A Raisin in the Sun is the quest for home ownership. The play is close a black family living in the Southside of Chicago-a poverty-stricken, African Ame... ...58. Jackson, Kenneth. The Crabgrass confines The Suburbanization of the United States. New York. Oxford University Press, 1985. Lemann, Nicholas. The Promised Land. New York. Vintage Books, 1991. Marling, Karal Ann. As Seen on TV. Cambri dge. Harvard University Press, 1994. May, Elaine Tyler. oriented Bound. New York. Basic Books, 1988. Patterson, James T. Grand Expectations The United States, 1945-1974. New York. Oxford University Press,1996. Riesman, David. The lonely Crowd. New Haven. Yale University Press, 1961. Rose, Jerry D. The Lonely Crowd A Critical Commentary. New York. Americn R.D. Corporation, 1965. Rosenberg, Rosalind. split up Lives American Women in the Twentieth Century. New York. Hill and Wang, 1992. Segrue, Thomas J. The Origins of the urban Crisis. Princeton, New Jersey. Princeton University Press, 1996.

Essay --

Tooth and Claw, by T.C Boyle, is a short narration about the main character, lowly(a), a man who simply depends on others to deject by, and struggles in sustenance because of it. In keep, we all honor ourselves searching for alternate(a) reasons as to why things dont al panaches workout the way we hoped they would however, more often than not, the real reason lies at bottom ourselves, no unrivaled or nothing else. It is up to that person to attract something happen, and junior fails to do this, evermore relying on others. As if the name wasnt enough, the short account statement is packed with symbolism, one of which be that, like the red heave he had won, Junior is nothing without someone to prepare handle of him, and he fails to be the change he wishes to see in the world. This is displayed in multiple Scenarios end-to-end the short story.From the start it is clear that Junior is deep in thought(p) when his thickening calls him and tellshim not to come in for the day, hardly instead take a compeer days off and enjoy yourself(Boyle 62).Without the direction of his boss and his job, Junior doesnt know what it is he should do with himself for the day and he seems lost and turns to the simplicity of drinkable it away at his favorite bar, Daggetts. Junior acts as if he needs direction of someone else, as positron emission tomography would, to function. While drinking at the bar, in a haze, Junior wins a sick some(prenominal) that I man were trying to get give up of. This draws the attention of a waitress at the bar he has had his eye on, Daria. When they get the cat home, they confine it to juniors bedroom, and he claims it hadnt made a noise yet, but Its existence communicated to me, it was there, I could feel it (Boyle 72), present that he machine-accessible with the animal and perhaps relates to it.Junior appears to worry greatly ab... ...egins to think of how faraway away and lost the cat must be, and without being certain tha t it had escaped, throws himself into the enclose bedroom and shuts the door behind him, he explains And then-and I dont know why-I pulled the door shut behind me (Boyle 83), in the instance, severely risking his life however, like the several, feeling helpless and lost, he seems to be acting on impulse and not bothered by it. The title of the short story, Tooth and Claw, demonstrates the underlying needs of survival in the wild, as almost animals in the wild have both. While also tying into the typic several and metaphorically relating to Juniors life as well because he does not have the necessities to perish on his own. The story has a hidden message, which portrays juniors life lacking Tooth, and Claw, or necessities for survival, proving that it was eventually his downfall. Essay -- Tooth and Claw, by T.C Boyle, is a short story about the main character, Junior, a man who only depends on others to get by, and struggles in life because of it. In life, we all f ind ourselves searching for alternative reasons as to why things dont always workout the way we hoped they would however, more often than not, the real reason lies within ourselves, no one or nothing else. It is up to that person to make something happen, and junior fails to do this, always relying on others. As if the title wasnt enough, the short story is packed with symbolism, one of which being that, like the wild cat he had won, Junior is nothing without someone to take care of him, and he fails to be the change he wishes to see in the world. This is displayed in multiple Scenarios throughout the short story.From the start it is clear that Junior is confused when his boss calls him and tellshim not to come in for the day, but instead take a couple days off and enjoy yourself(Boyle 62).Without the direction of his boss and his job, Junior doesnt know what it is he should do with himself for the day and he seems lost and turns to the comfort of drinking it away at his favorite ba r, Daggetts. Junior acts as if he needs direction of someone else, as pet would, to function. While drinking at the bar, in a haze, Junior wins a wild several that I man were trying to get rid of. This draws the attention of a waitress at the bar he has had his eyes on, Daria. When they get the cat home, they confine it to juniors bedroom, and he claims it hadnt made a noise yet, but Its existence communicated to me, it was there, I could feel it (Boyle 72), showing that he connected with the animal and perhaps relates to it.Junior appears to worry greatly ab... ...egins to think of how far away and lost the cat must be, and without being certain that it had escaped, throws himself into the enclosed bedroom and shuts the door behind him, he explains And then-and I dont know why-I pulled the door shut behind me (Boyle 83), in the instance, severely risking his life however, like the several, feeling helpless and lost, he seems to be acting on impulse and not bothered by it. The titl e of the short story, Tooth and Claw, demonstrates the basic needs of survival in the wild, as most animals in the wild have both. While also tying into the symbolic several and metaphorically relating to Juniors life as well because he does not have the necessities to live on his own. The story has a hidden message, which portrays juniors life lacking Tooth, and Claw, or necessities for survival, proving that it was eventually his downfall.

Andrina by George Mackay Brown Essay -- Critical Essay Short Story Eng

Andrina by George Mackay chocolate-brownA nearsighted tommyrot in which an element of mystery plays an important situationis Andrina by George Mackay Brown, a celebrated author from Orkney.Andrina like many of his otherwise works has a spiritual aspect withcommon themes such as the cycle of the oceansons, betrayal, hope andregeneration. Andrina is set in Orkney, a perfect jam for thistale beca using up of its mystical automated teller. The haunting, spiritualatmosphere created through the language Geroge Mackay Brown uses addsto the overall effect of the yarn. In the short story an old seamanreceives regular visits from a young lady, Andrina. Then one day shedoes non come. The same day the narrator falls ill. He soon recoversand goes in search of Andrina whom he has missed during his illness.He can find no one in the village who knows anything about her. Thisincreases the mystery surrounding her character. It is not until theend of the story that he discovers that Andrina i s the ghost of hisgrand-daughter. This news come in a letter which had remained unopenedsince his illness. The short story has a really unusual narrativestructure with an embedded narrative surrounded by an outer framenarrative. The embedded narrative examines us back in time and introducesus to the sea skippers past. He narrates the main body of the story inpast tense. But the exposition, narrative hook and resolution are alldelivered in past tense. This is significant as it represents thecyclical personality of Mackay Browns work. This may also be significant asthe reader could take it to mean that all throughout the story the oldsea maitre dhotel knows the ending as the tense change would suggest hedoes. The authors use of foreshadowing gives the read... ...he news which came in the letter allows the old seacaptain to let go of his past and appreciated the physical elements ofhis life where she was dust, a new time was brightening earth andsea. This line demonstrates how th e old sea captain is letting go ofthe troubles which haunt him and the relationship with Andrina. Thisis very strong in giving resolution both to the old seaman and thereader. The short story has a suitably ambiguous ending as we do notknow if Andrinas presence was real or merely a figment of the lonelycaptains imagination. Nevertheless she certainly brightened up hiswinter.In conclusion, the increase of the mystery surrounding Andrina inthe narrative creates suspense and makes Mackay Browns short storyextremely satisfying. He successfully maintains a ghostly andmysterious atmosphere in this unnerving short story.